Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have emerged as a significant environmental and public health concern across the United States, including in Arizona. Known for their persistence in the environment and human body, PFAS are often referred to as “forever chemicals.” This article explores the presence of PFAS in Arizona’s drinking water, examines the legislative measures taken to address this issue, and identifies the primary sources of PFAS contamination within the state.
PFAS in Arizona’s Drinking Water
Recent studies have detected PFAS in various water sources across Arizona, raising alarm among residents and environmental advocates. The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) has identified PFAS in multiple public water systems, particularly in areas surrounding military bases and industrial sites. This contamination poses potential health risks, including liver damage, thyroid disease, and increased cancer risk.
In response to these findings, local water utilities have undertaken measures to monitor and mitigate PFAS levels. Advanced filtration systems, such as granular activated carbon (GAC) and reverse osmosis, have been implemented to reduce PFAS concentrations in drinking water. However, the persistent nature of these chemicals makes complete eradication challenging.
Proposed and Enacted Legislation on PFAS in Arizona
Recognizing the threat posed by PFAS, Arizona has started to address the issue through legislative action. The state has aligned with federal guidelines set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which established health advisory levels for two common PFAS compounds: PFOA and PFOS.
In 2019, Arizona passed House Bill 2762, mandating the ADEQ to develop a statewide PFAS response plan. This legislation includes provisions for regular water testing, public reporting of PFAS levels, and the establishment of maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for PFAS in drinking water.
Additionally, Arizona lawmakers have proposed bills aimed at restricting the use of PFAS in firefighting foam and other industrial applications. These legislative efforts underscore the state’s commitment to protecting public health and the environment from PFAS contamination.
Sources of PFAS in Arizona
PFAS contamination in Arizona can be traced to several key sources. Historically, military installations have been significant contributors due to the use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) in firefighting exercises. Sites such as Luke Air Force Base and Davis-Monthan Air Force Base have reported PFAS contamination in nearby groundwater.
Industrial activities also play a crucial role in PFAS pollution. Manufacturing processes that utilize PFAS in products like non-stick cookware, water-repellent fabrics, and food packaging have led to environmental release of these chemicals. Furthermore, wastewater treatment plants can inadvertently reintroduce PFAS into the environment, as current treatment technologies are often inadequate for removing these persistent substances.
Moving Forward: Mitigating PFAS Risks
Addressing PFAS contamination in Arizona requires a multi-faceted approach involving regulatory oversight, technological innovation, and community engagement. Continued efforts to monitor PFAS levels, enforce stricter regulations, and promote alternative substances will be essential in reducing the presence of these harmful chemicals.
As awareness of PFAS grows, law firms play a vital role in advocating for affected communities, ensuring compliance with regulations, and pursuing legal remedies against chemical manufacturers.
